Gujarat, Bihar, Karnataka, Assam and Punjab are among seven states where the school dropout rate at the secondary level was higher than the national average of 12.6 per cent in 2021-22, according to official data. This information was collated from the minutes of the Project Approval Board (PAB) meetings held under the Ministry of Education to discuss the implementation of the “Samagra Shiksha” programme for 2023-24.
The meetings with states and union territories took place between March and May this year. The government views dropout as a barrier to achieving the new National Education Policy’s aim of a 100 per cent Gross Enrolment Rate (GER) at the school level by 2030, according to officials.
The details of the PAB meeting minutes show that the dropout rate at the secondary level in 202122 was 20.46 per cent in Bihar, 17.85 per cent in Gujarat, 20.3 per cent in Assam, 16.7 per cent in Andhra Pradesh, 17.2 per cent in Punjab, 21.7 per cent in Meghalaya and 14.6 per cent in Karnataka. In West Bengal, though the dropout rate has improved substantially from 2020-21 to 2021-22, particularly at the elementary level, it needs to continue taking adequate measures to reduce the dropout rate and improve the retention rate at the secondary level, it was noted in one of the minutes.
There are a lot of out-of-school children in the Union Territory of Delhi. Details of out-of-school children mainstreamed should be uploaded on the PRABANDH portal, it was stated in one of the documents. The minutes did not have the dropout rate figures for West Bengal and the national capital.
In Madhya Pradesh, the dropout rate at the secondary level has declined from 23.8 per cent in 2020-21 to 10.1 per cent in 2021-22, data showed. The state runs a special enrolment drive every year with a focused household survey with the help of a mobile app, it was noted. Data showed that in Maharashtra, the annual average dropout rate at the secondary level had declined from 11.2 per cent in 2020-2021 to 10.7 per cent in 2021-2022. However, the dropout rate in five districts of the state is 15 per cent and above.
In Uttar Pradesh, the annual average dropout rate is “very high” in districts of Basti (23.3 per cent), Budaun (19.1 per cent), Etawah (16.9 per cent), Ghazipur (16.6 per cent), Etah (16.2 per cent), Mahoba (15.6 per cent), Hardoi (15.6 per cent) and Azamgarh (15 per cent), the collated data showed. The dropout rate in Rajasthan, is consistently decreasing, but the dropout rate amongst scheduled tribes (nine per cent) and Muslim (18 per cent) children is still “very high” at the secondary level, the documents showed.
The survey by United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) last year states that in India, 33 per cent of girls drop out of school due to domestic work. It was also found in many places that after leaving school, children started working as labourers with their families or cleaning people’s houses.
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