Enhancing UV Protection: The Role Of Oral Sunscreens

Sun exposure is largely responsible for sunburn, photodamage and even skin cancers. Until now, topical sunscreens have been used to provide a physical and chemical barrier to the skin against UV radiation. As the awareness around skin health evolves, integrating oral sunscreens into skincare routines is gaining traction. The fundamental of oral sunscreens involves ingesting supplements to improve the skin’s defense against UV radiation. Oral sunscreens have gained attention in recent years. Dr. Atula Gupta, MBBS, MD – Dermatology , Venereology & Leprosy, Dermatologist, Dermatosurgeon, Pediatric Dermatologist shares all you need to know:

How oral sunscreens work?

Oral sunscreens contain antioxidants and other compounds that mitigate UV-induced sun damage. Oral sunscreens provide antioxidant activity and reduce oxidative stress by neutralising free radicals. They also have anti-inflammatory effects thereby reducing the inflammatory response contributing to photodamage and sun burns. Oral sunscreens facilitate repair of DNA damage caused by sun exposure.

Key Ingredients

Various ingredients commonly found in oral sunscreens include:

1. Polypodium Leucotomos extractPolypodium Leucotomos is a tropical fern extract known for its photoprotective properties. A research published in the Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology showed that this extract when taken orally reduces sunburn cells and prevents DNA damage.
2. AstaxanthinAstaxanthin is derived from microalgae and is a potent antioxidant for skin. In a study published in the Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition astaxanthin supplementation reduced UV-induced skin changes and participants demonstrated lesser wrinkles, dehydration, and photodamage.
3. Vitamin C and EVitamin C and E are both powerful antioxidants that prevent free radical damage to the skin. According to several studies, the combination of vitamins C and E has been shown to enhance skin protection against UV radiation. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition also found that these vitamins improve skin barrier and reduce the incidence of sunburn
4. CarotenoidsBeta Carotene and lycopene are vitamin A derivatives with strong antioxidant properties.
5. Niacinamide (Vitamin B3)Niacinamide or Vitamin B3 helps in DNA repair and also exerts an anti-inflammatory action preventing photodamage.

Incorporating Oral Sunscreens into Your Skincare Routine

Timing and Dosage

1. Daily SupplementationFor optimal protection, oral sunscreens should be taken daily, especially during periods of increased sun exposure. Polypodium leucotomos extract is often administered at doses ranging from 240 to 480 mg per day.
2. Pre-Exposure TimingIt is advisable to start oral sunscreens at least a week before expected sun exposure to maximise their effectiveness. This enables enough time for active compounds to be accumulated in the skin.

Complementary Skincare Practices

1. Use both topical and oral sunscreens in your skin care regimen. Oral sunscreens provide extra protection but are not a replacement for topical applications. Wear sun-protective clothing, hats, and sunglasses to provide physical barriers against UV radiation. Seek shade, especially during peak UV radiation hours (10 a.m. to 4 p.m.) and avoid prolonged sun exposure when ever possible.

2. Incorporate antioxidant serums containing vitamin C, vitamin E, and niacinamide into your daily skincare routine as these can enhance the effectiveness of oral sunscreens.

3. Maintain adequate skin hydration by using moisturizers as hydrated skin is more resilient and better protected against UV damage and environmental stressors.

Limitations and Considerations

Oral sunscreens have shown promise in preventing UV damage in recent years. However, there are several limitations and considerations:

1. Incomplete ProtectionOral sunscreens cannot be considered a replacement for topical sunscreens. They may provide an additional layer of protection but are not sufficient when consumed alone.
2. Individual VariabilityThe effectiveness of oral sunscreens depends on several factors like genetic predisposition of an individual, diet and skin type.
3. Regulation and StandardizationAs far as oral sunscreens are considered, there is still a lack of standardisation and regulation that can impact the effectiveness of these supplements.Oral sunscreens are potent antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents. Clinical evidence supports their efficacy, but they should always be used in combination with topical sunscreens. Further research is required to standardize formulations and fully understand their potential benefits.